For skilled professionals and entrepreneurs seeking to live and work in the heart of Europe, Portugal is an excellent option. But how do you know which visa is right for you? If you work remotely, the Digital Nomad Visa is perhaps your best choice. However, if you want to come to Portugal first and then look for employment, the Job Seeker Visa is the way to go.
Whichever route you choose, you'll need a Portugal Work Visa to live and thrive in the country, whether you’re looking to join a Portuguese company or launch your own venture. Therefore, understanding the requirements and benefits of Portugal’s work visas is crucial.
In this guide, we’ll explore the various options available, the application process, processing times and costs, and tips for successfully navigating Portuguese immigration so that you can seamlessly transition into your new career abroad.
Do I Need a Visa to Work in Portugal?
You'll need a work visa for Portugal if you are a citizen of any other country other than Switzerland, a European Economic Area country, or the European Union.
Even with job offers from employers in Portugal, non-EU nationals (also known as third-country nationals) need a Portugal Work Visa. However, if you are a citizen of an EU/EEA country and want to stay in Portugal for more than 90 days, you need a residence permit and an EU Blue Card to enter into employment.
In addition to a work visa, you'll also need a Portuguese tax number (NIF) and a Portuguese bank account – two essential requirements for living and working in Portugal. You might also need a Portuguese social security number.
Types of Portuguese Work Visas
The term "Portugal Work Visa" is a broad category that encompasses various ways of working in Portugal. Depending on your situation, available funds, and current profession, you could qualify for several work visas. However, it is crucial that you apply for the visa that best suits your circumstances to increase your chances of it being approved.
D1 Work Visa
Probably the most "generic" work visa in Portugal, the D1 is designed for non-EU/EEA nationals who have secured employment or received an employment offer from a Portuguese company. The granting of the visa is contingent on the Portuguese company demonstrating that no local candidates are available to fill the position. The initial D1 Visa is valid for one year, after which it can be renewed for two years. After five years, you can apply for permanent residency and even citizenship, granting you all the benefits of being an EU citizen.
D2 Entrepreneur Visa
The Portugal D2 Visa is an enticing prospect for individuals with entrepreneurial aspirations who are planning to establish a new venture in Portugal or are eager to extend their business to the country. Often referred to as the Entrepreneur Visa, the Portugal D2 Visa is intended for non-European Union and non-European Economic Area citizens.
The government created it to raise external financial resources to boost the Portuguese economy. Compared to other visas, such as the Portugal Golden Visa or the D7 Passive Income Visa, the D2 doesn't require a significant investment or a regular passive income. Instead, it focuses on business investment and having a viable business idea. This visa is versatile and can be used for various types of businesses, ranging from small cafes to large real estate agencies.
D3 Visa for Highly Qualified Activity Individuals
The Portugal HQA Visa Program provides a streamlined pathway for highly qualified professionals seeking residency in Portugal, prioritizing skilled individuals and their families. A key feature of the program is its efficient processing time; decisions are typically made within 30 days of application, and residency permit appointments can be arranged within a few months.
The HQA Visa also offers a flexible stay requirement. Similar to the Golden Visa, holders only need to spend minimal time in Portugal each year, with certain professionals qualifying for exemptions based on their work commitments.
Additionally, the program is part of the Portugal immigration efforts to promote innovation through partnerships with universities and research institutions, allowing entrepreneurs to collaborate with leading experts in their fields. Overall, the HQA Visa Program is designed to support skilled professionals successfully transitioning to life and work in the country.
The Portugal Tech Visa also falls into this category, as it aims to attract highly skilled tech workers to Portugal. Eligible individuals for this work permit include tech professionals such as software developers, data scientists, and IT specialists.
D8 Digital Nomad Visa
The Portugal D8 Visa allows digital nomads (people working remotely) to live and work in Portugal for an extended period without needing a "traditional" work permit. A few conditions must be met to apply for the visa successfully. Apart from being able to perform your work duties fully remotely for a company not based in Portugal, you must earn at least €3,280 per month (which is four times Portugal's national minimum wage). It is ideal for anyone who is looking for a short-term period of remote work in Portugal (up to a year), though it's possible to renew this visa up to four times.
E8 Seasonal Worker Visa
Perfect for people who want to live and work in Portugal for a short time while experiencing the country, the E8 Seasonal Worker Visa is aimed at people looking to work in sectors that experience high demand during certain times of the year, such as agriculture, tourism, or hospitality.
It allows you to live in Portugal for longer than 90 days but shorter than 270 days and specifically work in seasonal employment, such as on a farm or in forestry, in hospitality, the food and beverage industry, or in construction and transportation.
A critical requirement for the E8 Visa is a contract or valid work offer for seasonal work with a company or an employer established in Portuguese territory. Once the employment period ends, you are expected to leave Portugal, making it an option best suited for workers seeking temporary stays without a long-term commitment.
Job Seeker Visa
If you don't qualify for any of the traditional work visas, you can apply for the Job Seeker Visa. It is a unique permit that does not require you to have an existing job offer from a company in Portugal. Instead, the Job Seeker Visa allows individuals worldwide to visit Portugal to seek job opportunities in the local job market. The visa permits a stay of up to 120 days, with an option to extend for an additional 60 days.
Once you have accepted a job offer in Portugal, your employer applies for a work permit before your Job Seeker Visa expires, granting you a residency permit. Generally, the resulting work visa and permit will then be valid for as long as your work contract and can be renewed. However, if you don't find employment within 120 days, you will have to leave the country and only be able to re-apply for this type of visa one year after the previous visa's validity expires.
EU Blue Card
An EU Blue Card gives a citizen of one EU country the right to work in another and is primarily for highly skilled and qualified workers. It's important to note that having an EU Blue Card for one country doesn't extend the rights to another. For example, if a Dutch citizen receives an EU Blue Card in Germany, they can only work in Germany. If they want to work in Portugal, they'll have to apply for Portugal's EU Blue Card.
Generally, it allows the holder to work in Portugal for two years, which can be renewed for three years at a time. To be eligible for this visa, applicants must have a job offer in Portugal that's valid for at least a year, a relevant degree or professional qualification, and an income meeting at least €15,960 per year.
Portugal Work Visa Requirements
Most Portuguese work visas require you to have a job offer or work contract to apply. Once hired, your employer should take the first step in the visa process by applying for your work permit by contacting the Portuguese Labor Authorities (Autorização de Trabalho).
When the authorities approve your contract, you will apply for a Portuguese work visa from the Portuguese Embassy in your country to enter Portugal. Your visa validation depends on your nationality and work contract, for which you need to be in Portugal.
Suppose your work contract is longer than six months. In that case, you must apply for a temporary residency permit before your visa expires to continue living and working in Portugal legally. The type of Portuguese residency permit you will need will differ according to the basis of your employment contract.
When applying for a Portuguese work visa, it’s important to ensure you have the required health insurance and financial means to support your stay. Additionally, you must register with the Portuguese tax and social security authorities.
However, a few general conditions and documents are needed for all Portuguese visas:
- A valid passport
- A recent passport-sized picture
- Proof of travel insurance that includes medical insurance (minimum €30,000)
- Proof of accommodation in Portugal for the duration of your work
- You must provide proof of sufficient funds to support yourself while in Portugal
- A police clearance certificate that states that you do not have a criminal record
How to Get a Work Visa for Portugal
The first step is to find a job vacancy or secure a job and sign a work contract. After that, you will need to apply for a work visa to enter Portuguese territory. This process has three steps:
- Getting authorization for the company to employ you in Portugal
- Applying for your Work Visa
- Applying for a residency permit if it is a long-term job
Step 1: Work authorization application
After you sign your employment contract, your employer will apply for authorization for you to work in Portugal online through the Portuguese Labor Authorities (Autorização de Trabalho) and AIMA.
The following documents are required:
- Employment contract
- Company tax statements
- Proof of having registered with Social Security
- Proof that an EU/EEA/Swiss citizen could not have filled the position
Step 2: Work Visa application
After obtaining approval from the relevant authorities, you must submit your documents to the Portuguese Embassy in your home country to apply for the work visa.
Once you receive the work visa and provide proof of a guaranteed minimum monthly salary, you can legally enter the country and begin working in less than six months. During this period, you will need to apply for a residence permit.
Before going to the embassy, make sure of the following:
- Prepare all the required documents as mentioned above
- Find the location of the nearest embassy
- Make an appointment by calling or emailing
Take all the necessary documents with you and ensure you have translated them into English or Portuguese. In some cases, the applicant may require a visa interview with AIMA.
Step 3: Residence permit application
You have successfully secured a job, obtained your work permit, received your Portuguese work visa, and traveled safely to Portugal.
If you are considering extending your stay in Portugal, you should apply for a Residence Permit through AIMA. Your initial residence permit is valid for two years and can be renewed for three additional years.
If your employer hasn't already taken care of this, you need to register for a Social Security Number (NISS) at the Portuguese Social Security Office. This number is essential for accessing various social services, including healthcare, pensions, unemployment benefits, and other social security benefits.
The social security contribution is usually a percentage of your earnings, which is automatically deducted from your salary.
Processing Times and Cost
The process can take some time, usually ranging from a few weeks to several months. AIMA is mandated to resolve visa applications in 60 days, but the agency has faced several challenges and backlogs.
In terms of fees, there are several expenses you will make:
- Application fee if lodged through VFS Global: €40
- Visa processing fee: €90
- Portugal residence permit application through AIMA: €83
- Issuing of residence permit: €72
Duration and Validity
Short-term Portuguese Work Visa
For temporary contracts lasting less than six months, a short-term Portuguese work visa is necessary. This includes employees and self-employed workers and is subject to evaluation by the labor authority.
This visa can be extended for up to one year for specific scientific research, academic teaching, professional activities, vocational training, and service provisions from World Trade Organization members.
Long-term Portuguese Work Visa
A long-term work visa (Type D) is needed for a non-EU citizen with a long-term work contract in Portugal for more than six months. Portugal is part of the Schengen area and the long-term visa grants access to all Schengen countries. A residence permit process must be started upon the visa applicant's arrival.
Work Visa Taxes
Your tax liability depends on your residency status, defined by how much time you spend living and working in Portugal each year. If you are in Portugal for 183 or more days in a single calendar year, you will typically be considered a Portuguese tax resident.
Non-resident foreigners, such as those on a short-term worker visa, are subject to flat rates on all taxable income earned. This tax rate in Portugal for foreigners is 25 percent and applies to all annual income derived from a Portuguese source. Non-residents must also pay a flat percent rate on income earned from interest or dividends.
To comply with Portuguese tax laws, you must apply for a NIF (Número de Identificação Fiscal), your tax identification number. In most cases, you’ll need an NIF to sign a work contract legally. The best way to do this is to appoint a fiscal representative.
Do you need a fiscal representative?
Non-EU/EEA citizens with any business involvement in Portugal, such as earning an income in Portugal, must have a fiscal representative. You can be fined between €750 and €7,500 for failing to appoint a fiscal representative.
Can a Work Visa lead to Permanent Residency or Citizenship?
Yes, depending on the type of visa and length of stay, a Work Visa can lead to permanent residency and citizenship in Portugal. After five years of living in Portugal and maintaining a temporary residence permit, you can apply for a permanent residence permit or become a Portuguese citizen.
Frequently asked questions
Can I work in Portugal as an international student?
Yes, international students in Portugal can join the workforce, but the number of hours they’re allowed to work varies depending on their nationality. If you hold an EU/EEA/Swiss passport, you can work as much as you like without any restrictions. Non-EU citizens have their work hours capped at 20 hours per week during the school semester. You have the green light to work full-time during holidays and semester breaks.
Can I work in Portugal if I have a Family Visa?
Holding a Portuguese family visa grants you the right to both live and work in Portugal alongside your family member. Formal authorization may be required for employment.
How do I get a work visa for Portugal?
To obtain a work visa for Portugal, you need to have a job offer from a Portuguese employer first. Here are the general steps:
- Secure a job offer from a company in Portugal.
- The employer must request authorization from the Portuguese Labor Authorities.
- Once authorized, apply for a Visa Application (Long-Term Visa) at the Portuguese Embassy or Consulate in your home country.
- When you arrive in Portugal, apply for a Residence Permit.
The documents required may vary, but typically you’ll need your passport, proof of sufficient financial means, criminal record certificate, accommodation, medical insurance, and work contract or job offer.
What should my employment contract include to be eligible for a work visa?
Your employment contract should state the terms of your employment, including your salary, benefits, and working conditions.
Do I need Social Security registration for a Portugal Work Visa?
Yes, Social Security registration (NISS) is essential for paid employment. Employers typically handle it, but securing your NISS beforehand can streamline the process.
How much does a work visa cost in Portugal?
The cost for a work visa application for Portugal can vary depending on the type of visa and the country from which you’re applying, but generally, the cost ranges from €60 to €100. Once you have the work visa, you’ll need to apply for a residence permit, which adds an additional cost. You can verify the current fees with your nearest Portuguese Embassy or Consulate.
Can I get a work permit for Portugal from India?
Yes, you can apply for a work permit for Portugal from India. The process is the same as explained above. Non-EU nationals (third country nationals) are required to have a Portugal Work Visa. The visa applicant may be required to submit documents like:
- A passport valid for at least the next six months
- Valid travel insurance, covering necessary medical expenses, including urgent medical assistance
- Proof of the employment relationship between the applicant and the potential employer
However, it’s important to note that the entire process might take a few months. Make sure to begin your application well in advance of your intended start date.
What jobs are in demand in Portugal?
In the Portuguese job market, tech jobs are widely available, particularly roles such as software engineers and app developers. Tourism and hospitality also need skilled individuals, and healthcare professionals are always in high demand.
Is it easy to get a job in Portugal?
The difficulty depends on your field and your professional experience as well as other factors such as your Portuguese language skills. Sectors such as tech, tourism, and healthcare often welcome international talent, while navigating other industries might require more fluency.
Can US citizens work in Portugal?
Yes, you’ll need a work permit, which involves getting a job offer and some administrative paperwork.
What is required for a work permit in Portugal?
To secure a Portuguese work permit, you’ll need a job offer from a local employer and a residence permit issued by AIMA. Your employer will handle most of the application process, ensuring the job was advertised adequately and demonstrating no Portuguese or EU resident could fill it. Once in Portugal, you’ll apply for the residence permit within four months, which becomes your work permit and can be renewed as long as your job offer remains valid. The main reasons that Portugal Work Visa applications are rejected are related to public health, public security, public order, and public safety, so it’s essential to include the criminal record check and proof of medical insurance.
